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--- languages:japanese:linux:0verview [2022/01/10 09:50] – [fonts] chris
+++ languages:japanese:linux:0verview [2024/03/03 07:57] – [converting Kanji to Hiragana/Furigana] chris
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+===== What? =====
+Notes on getting japanese inputs/fonts working on linux and learning japanese. My presentation on the topic is here: https://fluxcoil.net/files/speeches/latex_japlinux/japlinux.pdf .
+===== input hiragna/katagana/kanji =====
+  * https://iamacat.wordpress.com/2008/07/07/more-japanese-on-linux-anthy-uim-and-ubuntu-among-others/
+===== tex =====
+  * cjk-latex, ptex (non-utf8), XeTeX (japanese typesetting, also left to right writing)
+  * xelatex, xecjk package
+  * [[https://aminophen.github.io/slide/hytexconf18.pdf|日本語のLATEXで幸せになる...かもしれない方法]]
+  * options:
+    * pdflatex + CJK package
+    * xelatex + xeCJK package
+    * lualatex + luatex-ja package
+    * uplatex or platex: TeX implementations as they were specifically Japanese typography, work differently in some aspects when compared to the more general-purpose implementations from above
+    * https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/15516/how-to-write-japanese-with-latex
+===== tex cjk installation on Fedora19 =====
+  * with this the kanji/hiragana/katakana are properly used from utf8 tex-files
+<code>
+# cjk
+$ yum -y install yum install texlive-cjk.noarch texlive-collection-langcjk.noarch
+$ cat minimal_japanese_example.tex
+\documentclass{beamer}
+\usepackage[encapsulated]{CJK}
+\usepackage{ucs}
+\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}
+\newcommand{\jptext}[1]{\begin{CJK}{UTF8}{min}#1\end{CJK}}
+\begin{document}
+\jptext{日本語}
+\end{document}
+$ pdflatex minimal_japanese_example.tex && evince minimal_japanese_example.pdf
+</code>
+===== terminals =====
+I use this on Fedora:
+<code>
+xterm -en UTF-8 -fg white -bg black \
+  -fn -Misc-Fixed-Medium-R-Normal--18-120-100-100-C-90-ISO10646-1 -e bash
+</code>
+Also i tried different fons with xterm, a listing of the available fonts comes back from executing "xlsfonts". To grab these out containing 'ja' and try them out:
+<code>
+for i in $(xlsfonts|grep ja); do
+    echo "current font: $i"; xterm -fn $i -e 'echo ちち; sleep 10';
+done
+</code>
+===== japanese input on emacs =====
+  * make sure your terminal supports UTF8, i.e. it can properly display utf8-files, using xterm here
+<code>
+emacs ~/.emacs # and add this:
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;; unicode-setup
+(prefer-coding-system       'utf-8)
+(set-default-coding-systems 'utf-8)
+(set-terminal-coding-system 'utf-8)
+(set-keyboard-coding-system 'utf-8)
+(setq default-buffer-file-coding-system 'utf-8)
+(setq x-select-request-type '(UTF8_STRING COMPOUND_TEXT TEXT STRING))
+;; make japanese default choice for input system
+(set-input-method 'japanese)
+emacs -nw test.tex
+# now you can use C-x C-m C-\ and are asked to enter an input method.
+# jap<tab><tab> shows a selection, here
+#   'japanese' works for hiragana directly/katakana with <blank> after hiragana-inputs
+#   'japanese-katakana' works for katakana-input
+# then you can input japanese as with uim.
+# use C-\ to switch between english<->japanese input
+</code>
+===== converting Kanji to Hiragana/Furigana =====
+  * tlug++ for so many hints on that
+  * http://www.edrdg.org/~jwb/mecabdemo.html has a online demo of conversion with MeCab/Unidic
+  * **kakasi:** http://kakasi.namazu.org/ . Easy to install and use, but has an old dictionary and is bad for complex sentences. Simple example:
+<code>
+$ echo '私は馬鹿です'| kakasi -JK -i utf8 -o utf8
+ワタシはバカです
+</code>
+  * **MeCab**, i.e. with the mecab-ipadic-neologd dictionary ( https://github.com/neologd/mecab-ipadic-neologd ) is more modern.
+<code>
+$ echo 例文文章です。|mecab --node-format='%pS%m[%f[7]]' --eos-format='\n'
+例文[レイブン]文章[ブンショウ]です[デス]。[。]
+</code>
+  * Fedora: dnf -y install mecab mecab-ipadic
+===== irc codepage =====
+  * iso-2022-jp
+===== fonts =====
+  * font Electroharmonix which is for Romaji characters, but has them look like Kanij/katakana: [[http://www.dafont.com/electroharmonix.font|dafont.com]]
+===== Libreoffice =====
+  * By default, libreoffice started to use Chinese variants of some Kanji for me. Use tools -> language -> for all text -> more, then "Default languages for documents" -> Asian: Japanese. For example 石炭, second 字, has Chinese and Japanese variants. Also 捨てる.
+===== Translation =====
+  * cut'n'paste to google translate
+  * EBView can read EB dictionaries, dictionaries: 広辞苑, 大辞林, Readers+
+  * Kenkyusha "KOD" online dictionary (not for free)
+  * Eijiro dictionary
+  * translating single Japanese words on the commandline, offline:
+    * install jmdict http://jmdict.sourceforge.net/
+    * and the JMdict dictionary file: http://www.edrdg.org/jmdict/edict_doc.html
+===== Links =====
+  * [[https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/PaddleOCR#PP-OCRv2|PaddleOCR]] Japanese OCR, [[https://gigazine.net/news/20210919-paddleocr/|Gigazine article]]

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